Surgery for obesity, or bariatric surgery, is to reduce the size of the stomach to limit food absorption. It can reduce daily caloric intake to about 40%. The surgery obesity is a reserved in case of significant obesity and after failure of other treatments. Ring and gastric bypass, explanations on these two surgical techniques of obesity.
The obesity surgery
The obesity surgery is reserved for those whose body mass index (BMI: weight divided by twice the size) is very high, exceeding 40 or above 35 in case of illness associated. In other words, we resorted to surgery for obesity in overweight very important and when all other treatments have failed. It hopes to reduce the psychological and counter diseases linked to overweight (hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, sleep apnea, gallstones, osteoarthritis of the knee, back pain, certain cancers, etc.).. Indeed, obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, some very serious, such as cardiovascular disease. Obesity begins quality of life but also reduces life expectancy.
There are two main types of interventions.
The ring gastric (gastroplasty)
The laying of a ring around the upper stomach reduces the volume. The amount of food can be consumed at meals is reduced, its absorption is slowed and the feeling of satiety increased.
The by-pass (short-circuit gastric)
It is to install a bypass system in the digestive tract to reduce the amount of food absorbed by the intestine.
These interventions, once made abdomen open, are now much less invasive because they use Coelioscopy: devices equipped with an optical fiber and miniaturized instruments are introduced into the abdominal cavity through small incisions in the umbilical cord. The intervention is shorter and less traumatic. The patient soon resumed his daily activities. The post-operative complications are rare but close monitoring is necessary. Food later, especially in the beginning, we must be careful. Fats and sugars are limited because they are likely to cause digestive disorders, nausea, diarrhea, palpitations, sweating, feeling weak, and so on. It is also important to eat slowly and chew well to the risk of abdominal pain and vomiting.
What is the effectiveness of surgery for obesity?
These surgical techniques are very effective. They cause weight loss greater than or equal to half the excess weight, and up to 40 to 80 kg. Initially, weight loss is very fast and then slowed down gradually over about two years. We must take advantage of this time to learn or relearn how to eat a balanced way. Patients are usually framed by a multidisciplinary team including a nutritionist and a psychologist.
Finally, once the target is reached, it is often necessary to resort to surgery to Retension aesthetic skin after weight loss.
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